Disability Etiquette/People First Language
People with disabilities are not conditions or diseases. We are individual human beings. For example, a person is not an epileptic but rather a person who has epilepsy.
First and foremost we are people. Only secondarily do we have one or more disabling conditions. We prefer to be referred to in person, in print or broadcast media as People with Disabilities.
| Acceptable Terms | Unacceptable Terms |
|---|---|
Person with a Disability |
Cripple, cripples - the image conveyed is of a twisted,
deformed, useless body. |
Disability, a general term used for functional limitation
that interferes with a person's ability, for example, to walk, hear or lift.
It may refer to a physical, mental or sensory condition. |
Handicap, handicapped person or handicapped. This term
originated from the street person - cap or hat in hand – begging
for money… not a pleasant picture. |
Person who had a spinal cord injury, polio, a stroke,
etc. or a person who has multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, arthritis,
etc. |
Victim. People with disabilities do not like to be perceived
as victims for the rest of their lives. |
Has a disability, has a condition of (spina bifida, etc.),
or born without legs, etc. |
Deformed, vegetable. These words are offensive, dehumanizing,
degrading and stigmatizing. |
Deaf/hearing impairment. Deaf refers to a person who has
a total loss of hearing. Hearing impairment refers to a person who has a
partial loss of hearing. |
Deaf and Dumb is as bad as it sounds. The inability to
hear or speak does not indicate intelligence. |
Person who has a mental or developmental disability. |
Retarded, moron, imbecile, idiot. These are offensive
to people who bear the label. |
Use a wheelchair or crutches; a wheelchair user; walks
with crutches. |
Confined/restricted to a wheelchair; wheelchair bound.
Most people who use a wheelchair or mobility devices do not regard them as
confining. They are viewed as a liberating means of transportation. |
Person who is able to walk, see, hear, etc.; people who
are not disabled. People who do not have a disability. |
Healthy, when used to contrast with "disabled." Healthy implies that the person with a disability is unhealthy. Many people with disabilities have excellent health. Normal. When used as the opposite of disabled, this implies that the person is abnormal. No one wants to be labeled as abnormal. |